Types of Obstetric Fistula

The types of obstetric fistula are essentially defined by where they occur. They are named by the parts of the reproductive and/or excretory systems that they unnaturally connect. These include the following.

  1. vesicouterine fistula, between the bladder and the uterus (womb)
  2. vesicovaginal fistula (VVF), between the bladder and vagina
  3. urethrovaginal fistula (UVF), between the urethra (bladder outlet) and vagina
  4. rectovaginal fistula (RVF), between the rectum and vagina
  5. ureterovaginal fistula, between the ureters (kidney tubes) and the vagina

Obstetric Fistula

Sometimes more than one type of fistula may occur at the same time, where damage is severe. These type of cases are very complicated to repair

Traumatic fistula is another type of fistula.  It is an injury caused by rape or sexual violence, and is most common in conflict and postconflict settings.  While not caused by childbirth, traumatic fistula affects many of the same body systems as obstetric fistula.  Surgical repair is similar in many cases.  But the violent cause of traumatic fistula requires a different approach to counseling and psycho-social re-integration.